Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure

Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure is a 1977 American live-action/animated musical fantasy film directed by Richard Williams, produced by the Bobbs-Merrill Company, a publishing arm of ITT, and released theatrically by 20th Century Fox. A 1941 short film had previously featured the Raggedy Ann and Andy characters created by Johnny Gruelle.

Plot
Raggedy Ann is the beloved doll of Marcella, along with her brother Raggedy Andy and a whole nursery full of colorful toys. Whenever Marcella leaves the room, the dolls come to life. On Marcella's seventh birthday, a new doll named Babette arrives from Paris, France. Babette is a spoiled girl who is unaware she is a doll, but the friendly Raggedy Ann does everything she can to make Babette feel at home. Soon, however, Captain Contagious, who lives in Marcella's snow globe, becomes smitten with Babette and kidnaps her. Raggedy Ann and Andy set off to try to rescue her before Marcella discovers Babette is gone. Out in the world outside the nursery, the two meet the Camel with the Wrinkled Knees, a blue toy camel who has been cast off by past owners and is now heartbroken and lonely. Raggedy Ann assures him a home with Marcella, and he joins their rescue party.

After Raggedy Ann and Andy hitch a ride on the Camel, he begins to follow hallucinations of a parade of camels ascending to heaven. While he's distracted, he runs over the edge of a cliff into a deep pit. In this pit they encounter the Greedy, a gluttonous, blob-like monster presumably made of taffy, who constantly gorges himself on all manner of confections yet is never full. While singing about the plight of never being happy despite his unending consumption, he reveals that the only thing that could satisfy him is a sweetheart, presumably a romantic partner, but he decides that the candy heart Raggedy Ann has sewn up inside her would do just as well. The Raggedys and the Camel narrowly escape being consumed by the Greedy and continue their journey to find Babette.

While travelling through the woods, they encounter Sir Leonard Looney, a purple knight with a penchant for humiliating gags. He kidnaps the trio to Looney Land, where all the practical gags are. They are then introduced to the court of King Koo Koo, a tiny king who has a part of him expand every time he laughs at someone else. He finds that the trio that has been brought to him do a good job of making him expand overall when they are subjected to Sir Looney's gags. Before the King can find a better use for them, the Raggedys and the Camel escape, leaving King Koo Koo to shrink back down to his regular size. King Koo Koo then decides that the Raggedys will be just what he needs to accomplish what he has been waiting for his entire life: his "Last Laugh." He calls up his cohort Gazooks, a giant green innertube-like sea creature with a massive array of arms, and discusses his plans.

Meanwhile, the Raggedys and the Camel have found a ship and are getting away from Looney Land posthaste. Using a telescope aboard the bizarre little ship, they are able to spot the Captain's pirate vessel and are able to zoom in toward the ship and haul themselves on board. When Babette is finally found, the Raggedys discover that she is no longer in need of rescue. She has in fact charmed the pirate crew, raised a mutiny against Captain Contagious, and has assumed command of the ship, in the ultimate hope of sailing back to Paris. Just then, Koo Koo, with assistance from Gazooks, arrives on the scene, and captures all except Raggedy Ann, Babette, and Queasy, the Captain's faithful parrot, who decides that the King should "blow up!"

King Koo Koo, who had been eavesdropping on Raggedy Ann and Babette, has them quickly subjected to tickle torture, while Queasy rockets towards the massive balloon that King Koo Koo has become. King Koo Koo, who now dominates the horizon, celebrates his enormous size and finally getting the last laugh. Queasy flies into King Koo Koo's butt beak-first, like a pin into a balloon, causing him to explode.

The massive detonation of King Koo Koo causes an intense burst of light, and the Raggedys and the Camel are seen spinning around in a wormhole before the screen goes dark. They are then discovered the next day, along with Babette and the Captain, in a small pond outside. Marcella brings her toys back in, missing the Camel who is buried in a pile of leaves. Later that evening, after a humbled Babette apologizes to Raggedy Ann for her earlier behavior and begins a relationship with Captain Contagious, the Camel crawls up to the window; Raggedy Ann and her friends let him in, and he realizes he has finally found home. Marcella finds the Camel among her dear toy friends, and while she is at first puzzled by his appearance in her room, she embraces him and accepts him as her own.

Cast

 * Claire Williams as Marcella
 * Joe Raposo (uncredited) as the Bus Driver


 * Voices
 * Didi Conn as Raggedy Ann
 * Animated by Tissa David
 * Mark Baker as Raggedy Andy
 * Mason Adams as Grandpa
 * Animated by John Bruno
 * Allen Swift as Maxi-Fixit
 * Animated by Spencer Peel
 * Hetty Galen as Susie Pincushion
 * Animated by Spencer Peel
 * Sheldon Harnick as Barney Beanbag / Socko
 * Socko was animated by Crystal Russell
 * Ardyth Kaiser as Topsy
 * Animated by Spencer Peel
 * Margery Gray and Lynne Stuart as the Twin Pennies
 * Niki Flacks as Babette
 * Animated by Hal Ambro
 * George S. Irving as Captain Contagious (The Captain)
 * Animated by Charlie Downs
 * Arnold Stang as Queasy
 * Animated by Art Vitello
 * Fred Stuthman as the Camel with the Wrinkled Knees
 * Animated by Art Babbitt
 * Joe Silver as the Greedy
 * Animated by Emery Hawkins
 * Alan Sues as Sir Leonard Loony (The Loony Knight)
 * Animated by John Kimball
 * Marty Brill as King Koo Koo
 * Animated by Gerry Chiniquy
 * Paul Dooley as Gazooks
 * Animated by George Bakes

Soundtrack
Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure soundtrack was released on vinyl, cassette tape and 8-track tape by Columbia Records in 1977.

Side 1:
 * 1) "Main Title" – Rag Dolly
 * 2) "Where'd You Go?" – Twin Penny Dolls
 * 3) "I Look, And What Do I See?" – Raggedy Ann and the dolls in the nursery
 * 4) "I'm No Girl's Toy" – Raggedy Andy and the dolls in the nursery
 * 5) "Rag Dolly" – Raggedy Ann, Raggedy Andy and the dolls in the nursery
 * 6) "Poor Babette" – Babette
 * 7) "A Miracle" – Captain and the Parrot
 * 8) "The Abduction & Yo-Ho!" – Captain, Parrot and the Pirates
 * 9) "Really Scary!" - Twin Penny Dolls
 * 10) "Candy Hearts and Paper Flowers" – Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy

Side 2:
 * 1) "Blue" – The Camel
 * 2) "Camel's Mirage" – The Camel and the Camels in the Sky
 * 3) "I Never Get Enough" – The Greedy
 * 4) "I Love You" – The Loony Knight
 * 5) "Hail to Our Glorious King!" – The Loonies
 * 6) "It's Not Easy Being King" – King Koo Koo
 * 7) "Hooray For Me" – Babette and the Pirates
 * 8) "You're My Friend" – Captain and the Parrot
 * 9) "The Plot Thickens" – The entire cast and the Gazooks
 * 10) "The Tickling and the Last Laugh" – The King, et al.
 * 11) "Home" – Raggedy Ann, Raggedy Andy, The Camel, et al.

Production
Originally Abe Levitow was to direct the film and Williams was only an animation supervisor. However, when Levitow became ill and eventually died, Williams reluctantly became director. He clashed with the producers over many aspects of the film, including the multitude of musical numbers and weak character development. Despite his misgivings the producers forbade him to cut a single scene. Eventually, like many of his other projects, the movie went over time and budget, and Williams was removed at the end so the film could be released on time. His name remained on the finished product. Besides Richard Williams, who by this time had already received a BAFTA award, an Emmy Award, and an Oscar for his work in animation, other talented animators also were enlisted. Hal Ambro and Art Babbitt from Disney, and Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies animator Gerry Chiniquy also worked on the film. Animators worked from home; there wasn't a central studio like most animated feature films. The music was composed by Joe Raposo, the longtime musical director of Sesame Street and The Electric Company.

Tissa David became one of the first women to animate a leading character in a major film when she designed and animated Raggedy Ann for the project. In a 1977 interview, David told the New York Times that she designed the Raggedy Ann character as "a plain Jane with a heart of candy — and she's all female."

Drawings from this film were used to test "videoCel", an early yet innovative CGI system developed by Computer Creations Corp.

Artists

 * ANIMATORS: Hal Ambro, Cosmo Anzilotti, Art Babbitt, George Bakes, Warren Batchelder, John Bruno, Gerry Chiniquy, Corny Cole, Doug Crane, Ray DaSilva, Tissa David, Chuck Downs, Emery Hawkins, Fred Hellmich, John Kimball, Chrystal Klabunde, Grim Natwick, Spencer Peel, Gerald Potterton, Willis Pyle, Tom Roth, Jack Schnerk, Irven Spence, Art Vitello
 * ASSISTANT ANIMATORS: David Block, Loren Bowie, Michelle Clay, John Celestri, Sheldon Cohen, James A. Davis, Gerry Dvorak, Glenn Entis, Brad Frost, Jay Jacoby, Jeffrey Gatrall, John R. Gaug, Eric Goldberg, Leslie Gorin, Murad Gumen, Judith Hans, Dan Haskett, Patricia Hoyt, Helen Komar, Susan Kroyer, Judy Levitow, Jim Logan, Karen Marjoribanks, Marlene Robinson May, Carol Millican, Jack Mongovan, Alissa Myerson, Lester Pegues Jr., Karen Peterson, Kevin Petrilak, Barney Posner, Mitch Rochon, Louis Scarborough, Jr., Tom Sito, Michael Sporn, Mary Szilagyi, Peggy Tonkonogy, Duane Ullrich, Chung Yuan (James) Wang, Amanda Wilson

Reception
Despite this considerable amount of talent, Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure received mixed reviews. Many critics found the movie hard to watch, complaining that the plot moved too slowly, had little focus, and was burdened by too many musical numbers. Many of the characters were considered too disturbing for children, but the settings and rest of the film's concepts was praised. There is also some adult humor and subtext, mainly in Captain Contagious, as his moustache grows erect and he performs pelvic thrusts when he first sees the character of Babette. Raggedy Ann and Andy have very little character development; they move from place to place meeting strange characters, but the focus is always on the new character, and they essentially just move the plot forward. According to Halliwell's Film Guide, "[In this] attractive fully animated cartoon feature [...] only the central story is lacking in pace and humor."

Release
After its short initial box office run, the film saw little to no distribution with the exception of airing one night in 1979 on CBS and later a release on the long defunct RCA CED Videodisc system. In the early 1980s the film was released on VHS by CBS Video. It did receive a considerable amount of play on the Disney Channel during the late 1980s and early 1990s, as well as on the Nickelodeon show Special Delivery.

"Blue" was featured on a season 3 episode of The Muppet Show with Helen Reddy and the song sequence from the film was also featured on an episode of The Big Blue Marble and the special, ''Sing! Sesame Street Remembers the Music of Joe Raposo''. The song "I'm Home" was also featured on an episode of Shining Time Station in which Conn co-starred later in her career and for which Raposo provided the theme song and some incidental music just before his death. Nevertheless, the film has not been shown on television for many years. It was released on video by CBS/Fox Video (through their Playhouse Video imprint) in the late 1980s.

Currently, CBS Corporation through Paramount Pictures owns the rights to the film via its Simon & Schuster subsidiary, who owns the rights to the Raggedy Ann and Andy characters.

Stage adaptations
The film has been adapted for the stage twice.

In 1981, screenwriter Patricia Thackray reworked the story for Raggedy Ann & Andy, a play which is available to license for performances at schools and community theatres. There are many deviations in this version, most notably there are only two sets and Prince Leonard-the-Looney-Hearted (known as Sir Leonard Looney in the film) replaces The Captain.

In 1984, songwriter Joe Raposo and playwright William Gibson crafted a much darker variation of the story, first called Raggedy Ann and then briefly retitled Rag Dolly. Raposo retained two songs from the film (Rag Dolly and Blue) and reworked the opening title theme into a song called Gingham and Yarn. The plot was completely different and follows the dying young Marcella, who goes on a journey with Raggedy Ann and her friends to meet the Doll Doctor, who can mend her broken heart. This version ran in three theatres (including one in Moscow) before landing with a thud on Broadway in 1986.